June is Cataract Awareness Month, a good reminder to pay attention to one of the most common — and most treatable — causes of vision loss as we get older.
A cataract happens when the natural lens inside the eye becomes cloudy over time. Many patients describe it as looking through a foggy windshield or a dirty window. Colors may seem dull, night driving becomes harder, and lights may create glare or halos.
Cataracts are extremely common with aging. In fact, by age 80, more than half of Americans either have cataracts or have already had cataract surgery. While aging is the biggest risk factor, other conditions can speed up cataract development, including diabetes, smoking, prolonged sun exposure, long-term steroid use, and family history.
Because cataracts usually develop slowly, many people do not notice the changes at first. Common symptoms include blurry vision, trouble reading, difficulty driving at night, increased light sensitivity, and frequent changes in glasses prescriptions.
Fortunately, cataract surgery is one of the safest and most successful procedures performed today. During surgery, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens called an intraocular lens, or IOL.
There are several lens options available depending on a patient’s lifestyle and visual goals. Standard monofocal lenses typically correct distance vision, while multifocal lenses can reduce dependence on glasses for both distance and reading. Toric lenses are designed for patients with astigmatism, and newer specialty lenses may provide a broader range of vision.
Although cataracts cannot always be prevented, healthy habits can help protect your eyes. Wearing UV-protective sunglasses, avoiding smoking, controlling diabetes, and maintaining a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables are all important steps.
If you notice changes in your vision, don’t ignore them. A comprehensive eye exam can determine whether cataracts are affecting your eyesight and whether treatment may help improve your quality of life.
The DHR Health Eye Institute is located at 4500 N. 10th Street in McAllen. To schedule an appointment with Dr. Jorge Montes, call (956) 362-2070.
