The evaluation of chest pain is a common reason for both ER and outpatient visits in Cardiology and can be a diagnostic challenge given the variety of causes such as musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, or pulmonary. As cardiologists, we closely evaluate chest pain particularly in patients with multiple risk factors for atherosclerosis.
Angina is chest pain provoked when the heart does not receive enough blood and oxygen such as in coronary artery disease. This occurs when plaque builds up in the arteries of the heart and causes them to narrow. In some cases, this plaque can severely obstruct blood flow to the hart causing a heart attack. Angina typically presents as pressure, heaviness, tightness, or constriction in the center or left of the chest, typically caused by exertion and can be relieved through rest. Diabetics, elderly women, and younger adult patients may have uncommon symptoms such as weakness, nausea and vomiting, palpitations, or loss of consciousness.
The first step in diagnosing angina or a potential heart attack includes an electrocardiogram, which records the electrical activity of the heart to detect abnormal rhythms or heart muscle damage. A stress test may be used to detect coronary artery disease and involves walking on a treadmill to monitor the heart’s function during exercise. An alternative study used in patients who cannot physically exercise on a treadmill is a nuclear stress test, which uses medications to stimulate the effects of exercise on the heart without actually having to exercise. In severe cases, a cardiac catheterization may be necessary. This procedure requires using catheters to inject contrast into the coronary arteries and obtain X-ray images to locate any blockages, which may be opened with a small balloon followed by a stent.
The best way to reduce the risk of heart attacks is by managing risk factors such as lowering high blood pressure, lowering high cholesterol levels, quitting cigarette smoking, exercising, and weight loss. Patients with suspected angina should note their pattern of symptoms and seek an evaluation from their primary care physician or cardiologist. If symptoms become intense and debilitating, patients should seek a prompt ER evaluation.
About Dr. Christian Avalos
Dr. Christian Avalos, an interventional cardiologist, specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of heart and blood vessel conditions using advanced catheter-based techniques and specialized imaging methods. He is passionate about addressing heart failure through preventative measures while using a patient-centered approach
Dr. Christian Avalos, DHR Health Interventional Cardiologist
4316 N. McColl Rd. McAllen, TX 78504
To schedule an appointment, call (956) 362-8810
To learn more about cardiology services at DHR Health, visit https://dhrhealth.com/services/cardiology/
